Distributed by the view that diabetes – are genetically caused disease, which can collapse person at any age, and this should be the logical conclusion that smoking is not with it.

Representations of the population that does diabetes vary extremely. Some people think that it is non-hazardous condition, almost comicality reduced to a denial of the sweet, others view it as a severe pathology that leads to disability and early death, in fact, not to treat. Diabetes mellitus – a very common disease that lead to a considerable proportion of deaths from cardiovascular disease. Most developed countries, and not just the developed countries, note at the epidemic of diabetes. According to American figures, the first type of diabetes suffers every 250 th resident, and diabetes type two, each 25-second or even every 15 th.

Worldwide the number of registered patients with diabetes steadily increasing. For example, in Ukraine for 15 years from 1980 to 1995, it has more than doubled and now stands at about 1 million people, approximately every 50-th Ukrainian diabetes.

It is obvious that the prevalence is linked to lifestyle, stress, particularly food. In recent years, has been published several studies on the impact of smoking on the development and progression of diabetes. Briefly the results are that, maternal smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of diabetes among children, smoking increases the likelihood of human development he has diabetes type two, smoking burden of diabetes during the first and second type, increases the number of complications and the risk of death. smoking cessation is an important factor in reducing the risk of both the diabetes and its complications.

– Smoking worsens during diabetes of any type
-Smoking exacerbates a number of problems caused by diabetes. The increase of smoking to diabetes actually doubles the risk of illness and death.
– Smoking is one of the factors that predispose patients with diabetes, to various cardiovascular diseases. Deaths from cardiovascular disease on a background of diabetes among smokers, three times higher than that of nonsmokers.
– Heart disease is the leading cause of death among people suffering from diabetes. Smoking increases the risk of heart attack.

Held during the 20-year study collected information on health and lifestyle of nursing. Among them were 7000 patients with diabetes type two. It turned out that the risk of death for those who smoked 1 to 14 cigarettes per day was 43% higher than for those diabetics who had never smoked. For those who recently gave up smoking, the risk remained high (31% more than non-smokers), and then it declined and was 11% higher than for non-smokers, among those who stop smoking more than 10 years ago. Thus, a long-standing rejection of smoking significantly reduces the risk of death, and the intensity of smoking influenced the additional risk of death associated with smoking: those who have a lot of smoke, the risk of death was almost double than that of nonsmokers. The risk is the development of cardiovascular diseases among women who suffered from diabetes and smoked 15 or more cigarettes per day, was 7 times higher than that of nonsmokers.

-Diabetes mellitus worsens the lipid composition of blood, which leads to thickening of the walls of blood vessels. Smoking also leads to increased concentrations of cholesterol in the blood and damage blood vessels.
– Smoking leads to increased blood pressure, type II diabetes to smoking is a risk factor of stroke.
– Diabetes impairs blood flow in lower extremities, which can lead to amputation. Smoking exacerbates these problems. Serious problems in terms of gangrene feet, in 95% of cases occur among those diabetics who smoke a lot.
– Diabetes can cause impotence. Smoking also worsens the condition of the penis.
– Smoking also increases the risk of diabetic eye disease (diabetic retinopathy).
-Do smokers with diabetes are more likely to develop neyropatiya, ie the defeat of nerves than in nonsmokers.

Smoking is against the background of diabetes increases the risk of damage to the kidneys. Cessation of smoking leads to a reduction in problems with the kidneys. A study of 943 patients showed that diabetics type one can quickly reduce the risk of mikroalbuminurii, which is the first symptom of kidney lesions if they stop smoking and improve control of glucose in the blood. Diabetes is actually the most important cause of renal failure, was responsible for the development of 40% of new cases. The effect of the combination of smoking and elevated blood sugar was more pronounced than the effects of these two factors separately. The authors believe that smoking cessation leads to a reduction in the risk of complications from kidney and other organs in patients with diabetes as the first and second type.

We smokers are more likely to occur colds and respiratory infections, which leads to fluctuations in the concentration of glucose in the blood.

Smoking doubles the risk of restricting the movements of the joints.

Smoking leads to increased concentrations of glucose in the blood, making it difficult to control diabetes. Patients with type one diabetes, smoking increases the likelihood ketoatsidoza (ie education ketones and related acidification of the reaction of the blood) and the risk of those complications that are associated with increased concentrations of glucose and ketones.

Do smokers with diabetes more likely to develop gum disease, resulting in the loss of teeth.

Maternal Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of diabetes and obesity for the unborn child

It was published in January 2002 in the prestigious “British medical journal, the multi-study physicians determined that the result of women smoking during pregnancy could be diabetes or obesity, her unborn child. Researchers at the Karolinska Institute (Stockholm, Sweden) used the data of British national child development study. The object of the study were 17 thousand people born during one week in March 1958. At birth midwives ask the mothers, if they did not smoke during pregnancy, especially after the fourth month of pregnancy. Born offspring was under medical supervision to 33 years.

As a result, it was found that those whose mothers smoked before the birth of 10 or more cigarettes per day, the risk of diabetes increased to 4.5 times in comparison with children of non-smokers, and in the case of smoking fewer cigarettes increased the risk of 4.13 times . The risk of obesity in those children who had no diabetes was 34-38% higher than those whose mothers did not smoke. These states were found at an early age, starting from the age of 16, when these diseases are very rare. In doing so, researchers believe that the assessment can be obtained conservative, because the study is likely the development of diseases in later years. Also taken into account the factor of smoking in adolescence, which also has an independent effect on the risk of developing diabetes type two.

Researchers suggest that the relationship between maternal smoking and diabetes among children may be due to changes in the metabolism of the fetus, developing under the action of the components of tobacco smoke. Smoking can have on the one hand, the toxic effects on the fetus, on the other hand, is the lack of nutrition. This lack of nutrition causes the body of the child as would be expected that in a world where he will live, there is a shortage of food, and therefore has a resistance to insulin and the propensity to accumulate fat. This metabolic programming is inadequate current characteristics with an abundance of food products high in calories and lack of physical activity.

Quite a large previously published data also show the relationship between maternal smoking during pregnancy and underweight at birth, on the one hand, and the relationship between underweight newborns, and subsequently the development of conditions such as diabetes, obesity, high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease, on the other.

Thus, maternal smoking during pregnancy not only has a direct adverse impact on the child, but also has long-term effect, which manifests itself already in adult life.

In our blood, is to allow one-quarter to one-third of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). High levels of HDL cholesterol seems to protect against heart attack. On the other hand, low levels of HDL cholesterol (less than 40 mg / dL) increase the risk of heart disease. There is evidence that some molecules of cholesterol HDL cleaning the walls of blood vessels, and also cleans out excess cholesterol, and is currently being transported back to the liver for further processing.

Increased cholesterol GOOD

Regular aerobic exercise such as walking, jogging or riding a bicycle, which increase your heart rate within 20 to 30 minutes at a time, may be the most useful way to raise HDL. Duration of exercise, it seems, is quite important than intensity exercise increase HDL cholesterol levels. Obesity also increases the effects of LDL cholesterol, and lowers HDL cholesterol. If you are overweight, you should reduce your weight to improve your level of HDL.

If you smoke, refraining from tobacco use will lead to increased levels of HDL. Alcohol and other factors that could significantly increase the level of HDL. More than one or two drinks a day can speed up the medical problems, including heart failure and there are people who will possibly develop such problems even when limiting their alcohol consumption to one or two drinks a day.

Trans fatty acids are present in many foods that are labeled partially hydrogenated vegetable oils so dramatically trans fats in the diet is not easy. Trans fatty acids not only increase the level of LDL cholesterol, but lower HDL cholesterol levels. Removing them from your food significantly raise HDL. On the other hand, the increase in monounsaturated fats such as canola oil, avocado oil or olive oil and fats found in peanut butter in your diet can increase HDL cholesterol levels without increasing the total cholesterol.

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, it is how to reduce LDL cholesterol and raise HDL cholesterol. Soluble fibers are oats, fruits, vegetables and legumes. Other dietary requirements to increase HDL is cranberry juice, which has been shown to raise HDL. Fish and other products containing omega-3 fatty acids can also raise HDL.

LDL cholesterol

Cholesterol is not soluble in water. Cholesterol in the blood is in the form of complexes with specific protein carriers, the so-called apolipoproteidami. Low density lipoproteins (Low-density lipoprotein, or LDL) also known as bad cholesterol. High-density lipoproteins (High-density lipoprotein, or HDL) is also known as «good» cholesterol. Counting the total blood cholesterol is carried out by blood.

LDL bad cholesterol
When too many «bad» cholesterol circulates in the blood, it will slowly grow on the inner walls of arteries. Together with other substances to form the so-called plaques, making the arteries narrower and less flexible. This disease is called atherosclerosis. Blocked arteries of atherosclerotic plaque can lead to stroke or heart attack.

LDL or bad cholesterol

The high volume of bad LDL cholesterol will deposit cholesterol on the walls of blood vessels in the formation of plaque. More and more plaques will narrow the blood vessels and, perhaps, finally, block blood flow. As a result of LDL cholesterol is considered bad cholesterol. It is important to note, saturated fats and trans fatty acids are the factors that increase the level of cholesterol in the blood. Unsaturated fats are found in nuts and fish may reduce the cholesterol LDL. In addition, the soluble fiber in fruits, oats, barley and legumes can also lower LDL cholesterol.

Triglitsiridy :
Triglitsirid – a form of fat, which was established in the body. Increased triglitsiridov may be associated with excess weight, physical inactivity, smoking, alcohol consumption and diet, high in carbohydrates (more than 60 percent of total calories). People with high triglitsiridov often have high levels of cholesterol – the high content of LDL and low HDL. Many people with heart disease and diabetes have an increased level of triglitsiridov.

Lipoprotein (a)
LP (a) – a genetic variation of LDL (low plonosti lipoproteins). High levels of LP (a) is a major risk factor for premature development of fatty deposits in arteries, which in turn leads to coronary heart disease.